Patients with known IBD (for example, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, microscopic colitis, indeterminate colitis) or symptoms of undiagnosed IBD such as: recurrent perianal fistulas or abscesses, imaging results that strongly suggest Crohn’s disease or colitis, endoscopy findings consistent with inflammatory bowel disease.
Patients with the following conditions should be directed to the emergency department:
- Acute severe colitis: patients with ≥ 6 bloody bowel motions per 24 hours plus at least one of the following:
- temperature > 37.8°C
- pulse rate > 90 bpm
- haemoglobin < 105 gm/L
- raised inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) > 30 mm/hr or C-reactive protein (CRP) > 30 mg/L)
- Suspected or known Crohn’s disease with acute complications:
- bowel obstruction
- sepsis or intra-abdominal or pelvic abscess.